pixel 

A pixel is a small part of a picture when added with other parts it creates an image the more pixels there are the clearer and sharper the image the less pixels the picture looks more fake.A pixel is represented by a small square or dot on a computer or monitor display they are the building blocks of digital images.

raster 

raster graphics make up most of what you see on your computer all they are made up of grid pixels commonly referred to as bitmap raster images and vector images are both made up of pixels but if you zoom into a raster image you can see the pixels if you zoom into a vector image it will look the same. Raster images has a specific amount of pixels so when you zoom in without changing the amount of pixels it will look blurry.

vector 

vector images are still pixel based but rather than having a fixed amount of pixels there can be more or less so when you zoom in it still looks the same and is still clear. vector images can be scaled and printed at any size without loosing any quality a great example of the difference

between vector and raster images is the picture to the right.

BMP

The bmp file format is also known as bitmap is a raster graphics image file format used to store bitmap digital images.The BMP format is mostly used for raster graphic format dor saving image files.

GIF

A lossless format for image files that supports animated and graphic images. GMP is mostly used for images on the web and for sprites in software programs.

TIFF

Is a format for digital files also tiff files can be saved in a variety of colour formats and in various forms of compression. TIFF can be used for lossless compression so it wont take a lot off space and wont lose any integrity. 

JPG

A format for compressing image files and is the most common for storing and transmitting photographic images on the internet.

PSD

Is the digital format that Photoshop uses for saving data it also allows the user to work with images even after the file has been saved.

WMF

Is a file extension for a graphics file used with Microsoft windows wmf files can contain both vector and bitmap image formation. Essentially a WMF file stores a list of functional calls that have to be issued to the windows.

FLA

The fla file format is the master document format for flash products.The information in the file consists of vector image data for use in animations and timeless used to control animation playback and audio.

AL
AL stands for abode illustrator represents single page vector drawings.